A gas turbine is a burning engine in the heart of a power station that can convert natural gas or other fuel fuels into mechanical energy. This energy then drives a generator that generates electrical power that travels from power lines to homes and businesses. Gas Turbine Control system installed in many modern natural gas-fired power plants are complex machines, but they involve different.
What are the different parts of gas turbines?
Usually, gas turbines consist of three parts:
Compressor:
The compressor draws air from the engine, compresses it, and puts it in an explosive space at hundreds of miles per hour.
The combustion system:
The combustion system is usually compose of a fuel injection ring that injects a continuous fuel stream into the combustible chambers where it meets the air. The mixture is heated to temperatures above 2000 F. The combustion produces a high temperature, a pressure gas stream that enters and expands through part of the gas turbine.
Blades:
The turbine is an intricate series of blades on the part of the aerofoil that stands and rotates. The hot gas burns with the turbine. It circles the rotating blades. Rotating blades perform a dual function: they drive a compressor to draw more compress air into the combustion component and twist the generator to generate electricity.
What are the different types of gas turbines?
Land-based gas turbines are of two types:
(1) Heavy-duty independent turbines
(2) Wind turbines.
Heavy-duty gas turbines are characterize by low-pressure ratings (usually less than 20) and are usually physically large. Pressure ratio is a measure of compressor discharge pressure and inlet air pressure. As the name implies, Aero derivative engines are derive from jet engines and operate at extremely high pressures (usually more than 30). As a result, Aero derivative engines tend to be more compact and valuable where low power outages are require. However, since large-scale engine engines have high emissions, they can produce large amounts of carbon emissions, and they should be built to achieve low emissions, such as NOx.
Wind turbines
The wind turbine converts wind power into electricity using aerodynamic control from rotor blades, acting as a wing or rotor blade of a helicopter. When air flows across the edge, the air pressure on one side decreases.
What is the temperature of the gas turbine?
One key to efficient fuel efficiency is to power the gas turbine temperature. Higher temperatures often mean more increase efficiency, leading to more efficient operation. For example, the gas flowing from a conventional power station turbine can heat up to 2300 degrees F.
Still, some of the most critical metals in the turbine can withstand only as hot a temperature as 1500 to 1700 degrees F. Therefore, air from a compressor can cool parts necessary for the turbine, to reduce the efficiency of the final heating.
Fuels used in Gas Turbines:
A gas turbine can use oil in a combustion chamber of three different types:
(1) Liquid fuels
(2) Gas fuels
(3) Solid fats.
Liquid fuels:
Liquid fuels use for gas turbines are diesel fuel, furnace oil, high-speed diesel oil, etc. The benefits of liquid oil are easily manageable, small storage space, and fuel injection can be easily uncontroll. Methanol can be use like a fuel for a gas turbine. Liquid fuels use are Liquefy Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Compress Natural Gas (CNG). The advantages of gas oil are that they are easily mix with air, less dirt, and rust or erosion problems of blades. They also use a gas blast furnace with a calorie value of 2.82 MJ / m3. Liquid and gas fuels are preferr in a gas turbine because:
(I) They have a high-calorie value.
(II) The volume and weight of fuel need to compensate for energy loss are relatively low.
(III) This fuel is quickly burn inside the combustion system.
(IV) They are relatively clean oils.
Solid Fuel:
Solid fuel can be use for a gas turbine, such as powder coal or sawdust. Pieces of coal can also be use as fuel in the gas turbine industry. But it may contain about 5-10 percent of its ash weight in the form of ash. If possible, ash particles are allow to pass through the turbine the last blades may be block and damage. The use of high flexibility and low ash content solid fuel provides the advantage that they can be quickly burned. Pressurizing fluidize bed combustor is use to burn refractory fuel.
Types of compressors used in gas turbines!
Compressors are use in a gas turbine plant for medium pressure. The compressor that is use in a gas turbine plant is like a rotating type and can be categorize as:
1. Centrifugal Compressors:
The main feature of the centrifugal compressor of the gas turbine is rotation. A rotating member known as an impeller contains many blades and is mount on a compressor shaft inside a standing box. The impeller rotates, and the pressure in the turbine region falls, so the air enters the eye and flows outwards through the impeller blades.
What are the advantages of gas turbines?
Advantages of Gas Turbines over repetitive internal combustion engines:
A gas turbine has many advantages over a repeatable internal combustion engine.
The benefits are:
(1) For the same product, the weight of each power generate by a gas engine is about one-third of the internal combustion engine type of piston. This is one of the reasons why turbojet engines are so widely use in aviation.
(2) The cost of fuel and lubrication is low.
(3) Even less fuel may be use. In some cases, coal and charcoal were burn.
(4) The emissions from a gas turbine increase if the temperature of the inlet fluid is reduce. At last, at altitudes where the air temperature is too low, the output of a jet gas turbine can be maintained. Despite this, the production of the internal combustion engine at the top will decrease.
